The Complete Advice to prevent Alzheimer Disease

The Complete Advice to Prevent Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) impairs memory, judgment, cognition, learning, and function. It causes most elderly dementia. Alzheimer's disease affects emotions, thinking, and conduct, which can change a person's personality and self-image. The complete advice to prevent Alzheimer's disease is followed.

Over four million Indians have dementia. Dementia is a global health concern affecting 44 million people.

As the U.S. population ages, Alzheimer's disease, the most frequent form of dementia among the elderly, will affect more than 5 million people. Frontotemporal dementia, vascular dementia, and Lewy body dementia are other brain conditions. In its later stages, Alzheimer's disease impairs memory, face recognition, and self-care.

Alzheimer's was little understood 30 years ago. NIH-funded research has enhanced brain function, risk factors, therapy, and prevention. Specialized brain imaging has revealed surprising illness origins. That effort has enabled pre-symptomatic treatment trials.

There is no cure for Alzheimer's disease, although basic research has led to the development of several drugs that improve memory and may halt the illness. New treatment targets have been uncovered thanks to a pioneering National Institutes of Health-industry collaboration. NIH-industry partnership. 90 drugs are in clinical trials, with many more in development. The complete advice to prevent Alzheimer's disease is followed.

Psychological analysis.

• The illness causes language changes, inability to mentally manipulate visual information, poor judgment, confusion, and agitation.
• It usually affects those over 60, although anyone can get it.
• Aging does not cause it.
• According to the journal Alzheimer's & Dementia, 5% of 65–75-year-olds will have dementia in 2021.
• Alzheimer's disease affects 14% of 75–84-year-olds and 35% of 85-year-olds.

Early symptoms include:

• Forgetting recent events,
• Losing things,
• The trouble with household or job activities, 
• Forgetting where you are, Not finding recognizable landmarks,
• Communication issues, inability to plan or manage problems, 
• showing mood changes.

(Since some of these symptoms may be natural outcomes of aging, they are commonly neglected or misdiagnosed for a long time. Symptoms and disease severity are related.)

Alzheimer's disease is characterized

• Short-term memory loss, repeating stories, inquiries, and statements, and losing regularly used items.
• Advanced sickness often causes memory loss, including difficulty to remember loved ones.
• Mistakes include stepping outside in bad weather without sufficient clothes
• Social misbehavior
• Sadness, apathy, or solitude
• Susceptibility to paranoia or suspicion
• Delusions or hallucinations, especially in severe phases.

Classifies Alzheimer

Depending on cognitive impairment, the DSM-5 classifies Alzheimer's as a severe or mild neurocognitive condition. Symptoms, family history, and genetic tests for genetic mutations can help diagnose. The diagnosis is "probable" if there is a mutation or a family history of Alzheimer's disease. Otherwise, it is "possible." Genetic testing is sometimes done. Symptoms and family history can help doctors make a probable diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, which can only be confirmed postmortem.

Severe Neurocognitive Disorders Require:

• Memory and intelligence decline.
• Progressive cognitive deterioration Lack of self-care
• No other neurological, psychological, or cerebrovascular diseases have been identified.
• Regardless of genetic testing or family history, mild neurocognitive abnormalities are characterized by the following symptoms.
• Deficits must considerably impair social or occupational functioning compared to prior competence.

Early Alzheimer's might produce mild depression and apathy. Psychosis in moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease is characterized by hallucinations, agitation, combativeness, and wandering. Gait, incontinence, seizures, swallowing, and sudden muscle contractions can occur in advanced Alzheimer's.

What distinguishes Alzheimer's from other dementias?

Alzheimer's disease can cause dementia, which includes memory loss, language difficulty, emotional issues, and general loss of function. Alzheimer's disease causes most dementia. AD affects 70% of dementia patients. HIV, Parkinson's, and blood vessel diseases can cause dementia.

Alzheimer's patients are self-aware?

Alzheimer's patients usually recognize a problem early on. They may get agitated or disappointed as they discover their memory issues and disorientation. Many Alzheimer's patients know they have it, which can help them and their families prepare for the disease's progression. As the condition progresses, people with Alzheimer's disease may become less conscious of their symptoms. Depression may result from their powerlessness and decline.

Causes

Though not a natural result of aging, Alzheimer's risk rises with age.

Genes affect Alzheimer's disease risk. Having a parent or sibling with Alzheimer's raises your risk. Several genetic variants—APOE, APP, PS-1, and PS-2—increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease. These proteins impede brain communication due to structural and chemical abnormalities.

Age, family history, and long-term high blood pressure may increase AD risk. Heart disease, diabetes, stroke, high blood pressure, and cholesterol damage the heart and arteries. Since women live longer, they're more likely to get Alzheimer's.

Alzheimer's: transmissible?

Alzheimer's disease's genetic contribution is unknown. However, having a parent or sibling with the condition increases the risk, suggesting heredity is involved. APOE e4 may increase risk.

How does the APOE gene affect Alzheimer's?

Alzheimer's disease genes include APOE. This gene produces a protein that transports cholesterol and other lipids. Humans inherit two copies of APOE from their parents. Chromosome 19 has APOE. APOE variations include e2, e3, and e4. e3, the most common variant, doesn't affect Alzheimer's risk. The rare e2 variation may protect against illness. The e4 variant (carried by 25% of the population; two copies offer an even larger risk, but occur in just 2% to 3%) increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease in some individuals. 

Treatment

1. Alzheimer's worsens over time because there is no cure or means to regain lost abilities. Focusing on symptoms can improve quality of life and reduce the most distressing symptoms.
2. Cholinesterase inhibitors improve memory, thinking, language, and judgment issues. Cholinesterase inhibitors include Aricept, Rivastigmine, and Razadyne.
3. The other two treat mild to severe Alzheimer's disease, whereas donepezil treats all stages. Memantine (Namenda) is FDA-approved for moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease. Memantine improves memory, cognition, communication, and motor function. It works alone or with other Alzheimer's drugs.
4. In mid-2021, the FDA approved aducanumab, another Alzheimer's treatment, despite strong opposition.
5. The treatment approach may also include managing the patient's behavior, confusion, and agitation, home adaptations, and family assistance. Treating underlying disorders that cause confusion is also crucial. Behavior management may help people break bad habits.

Is Alzheimer's treatable?

• Alzheimer's disease is incurable and untreatable. However, medications can improve a patient's quality of life and minimize disease symptoms.
• Alzheimer's disease stages affect care.
• Alzheimer's patients' autonomy loss varies. In the early stages of Alzheimer's, many patients can feed and bathe themselves and only need help with some tasks like paying bills or driving. As the condition progresses, more intensive treatment may be needed. 

When does Alzheimer's require full-time care?

If the person with Alzheimer's is engaging in dangerous behaviors (such as wandering without knowing how to get home, leaving the stove on frequently, or forgetting critical medications), severely neglecting their personal hygiene, or becoming unable to perform basic daily tasks like getting dressed or cooking a meal, full-time care may be needed. In the last stages of Alzheimer's disease, mobility, eating, and dangerous behaviors may necessitate 24-hour memory care.

What's the latest Alzheimer's treatment?

In 2021, the FDA approved injectable aducanumab (marketed as Aduhelm), which slows Alzheimer's disease by blocking brain beta-amyloid formation. The first novel Alzheimer's treatment in nearly two decades. Two large trials on its usefulness showed inconclusive results, raising doubt on its approval, and at $56,000 per year, it may be beyond reach for many AD families, especially since many may not have insurance to cover much of the expense. Experts say aducanumab is for mild cognitive impairment, not advanced Alzheimer's disease. Patients and their loved ones might ask their doctor if aducanumab could help their treatment.

Why India doesn't have Alzheimer's.

• Curcumin, or haldi in India, reduces the risk of Alzheimer's disease, which causes memory loss, personality changes, and cognitive decline. According to scientists, losing brain cells and disrupting their connections cause these harmful impacts.
• Curcumin prevents the production of Alzheimer's disease-causing beta amyloids, according to University of California researchers. In the genetically modified mice study (Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol 280, No 11), curcumin prevented amyloid formation better than other drugs.
• Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory curcumin also fight illness symptoms. Due to tight low molecular weight and polarity, the spice was shown to traverse the blood-brain barrier more easily.
• Indians aged 70–79 have 4.4 times fewer incidences of the disease than Americans, perhaps due to curcumin's extensive use.

Conclusion.

The amount of curcumin that is produced in India makes it one of the top countries in the world in this regard. The spice known as curcumin is shipped all over the world. It is imperative that everyone in the known cosmos learns how significant this golden plant is.  As of right now, numerous nations in South Asia are importing curcumin for use in therapeutic applications. Even though Alzheimer's disease cannot be cured, there are steps that may be done to keep the symptoms under control, including the usage of curcumin.